Iitattoo zaseJapan, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-Irezumi, zingaphezulu koyilo lwesikhumba olulula. Ziyindlela yobugcisa yakudala, emiliselwe ngokunzulu kwinkcubeko nembali yelizwe, ethe yathimba iintelekelelo zabantu kwihlabathi liphela. Abo bakhetha ukunxiba i-Irezumi eluswini bafuna ukubonisa ubuntu babo kwaye badibanise nentsingiselo enzulu yeempawu zokhokho babo.
Iimotifs zikhulu kwaye zigcwele umfuziselo: ukusuka kwiidragons ezinkulu, ezimele amandla kunye nobulumko, ukuya kwezobuthathaka. Ukuqhama kweetsheri, ezifuzisela ubomi kunye nokufa.
Kukho uluhlu olungapheliyo loyilo lwaseJapan olunokuthi lufakwe kwi tattoo ukutsala inhlanhla, ukhuseleko kunye namandla afanelekileyo. Kodwa ukuphonononga kubugcisa obungenakuthelekiswa nanto bolu yilo kwaye uqonde eyona nto iyinyani, Kubalulekile ukuzintywilisela kwinkcubeko yaseJapan etyebileyo.
Uninzi lwezi tattoos Baphenjelelwa ziintsomi, indalo, iintsomi, iinkolelo zonqulo ezinzulu zobuShinto nobuBhuda, kunye neentsomi ezidumileyo.
Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga uyilo olunzulu kunye neentsingiselo ezizodwa ezinxulumene nokhuseleko, ukutsala amandla akhuthazayo, kunye nokukhuthaza impilo-ntle, ukuphonononga kwimbali yabo ukuqonda isimboli esinzulu ngasinye.
Uhambo Ngexesha: Ibali lase-Irezumi
Ubugcisa bokwenza tattoo, okanye i-Irezumi, ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kunye neyinkimbinkimbi yezithethe zaseJapan kwizizukulwana. Imvelaphi yayo indala kakhulu, kwaye kukholelwa ukuba iindlela zokuhombisa umzimba ngeenjongo zokomoya okanye zesiko zazikho kwangexesha likaJomon (ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10.000 eyadlulayo). Nangona kunjalo, ingcamango yokwenza tattoo iye yavela ngokuphawulekayo kwiinkulungwane.
Ngamaxesha athile, ukwenza umvambo kwakusetyenziselwa iinjongo zokohlwaya, ukuphawula amabanjwa okanye izaphuli-mthetho. njengendlela yokohlwaya kunye nokucalula ekuhlaleni. La manqaku angacimekiyo ayeluphawu lwehlazo nokungabandakanywa. Nangona kunjalo, nangona oku kuchazwa kakubi kuluhlu oluthile loluntu, ukwenza umvambo kwaqala ukuchuma njengendlela yobugcisa bokwenyani kwezinye iimeko.
Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-18 ukuya phambili, ngakumbi ngexesha le-Edo, i-Irezumi wafumana i-boom ebalulekileyo. Yaduma phakathi kwabasebenzi, njengabacimi-mlilo (ababekholelwa ukuba iitattoos zamanzi, ezinjengeedragons, ziya kubakhusela emlilweni) kunye abasebenzi, kunye naphakathi kwe "yakuzas" edumileyo (amalungu e-mafia yaseJapan), owayamkelayo njengendlela yokubonakalisa intembeko, inkalipho kunye nobulungu beziduko.
Iimpawu ezinamandla kwii tattoos zaseJapan: imiyalezo eluswini
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeempawu kunye ne-motifs ezinokuthi zifakwe kwi tattoo yaseJapan ukubonisa ukukhuselwa kunye nenhlanhla. Ngamnye unembali enzulu kunye nenjongo:
Inyoka (Ryu): Ngomnye weyona mifanekiso idumileyo nehlonelwayo. Kwinkcubeko yaseJapan, ngokungafaniyo nenkcubeko yaseNtshona, iidragons azizozilo ezoyikekayo, kodwa zinobubele, zilumkile kwaye zikhusela.
Zifuzisela amandla, ubulumko, ukukhuselwa, intabalala, kunye nokukwazi ukoyisa ubunzima. Inamba kukholelwa ukuba inamandla okuphefumla umlilo, iphakamisa amandla okuguqula nokucoca.
Kwisithethe saseJapan, inokuphinda imele ukukhuselwa kwimimoya emibi kunye nobuninzi bamandla alungileyo avela kwindalo yonke. Uhlala eboniswa ngezikali, iinzipho, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iiperile zomlingo, okanye ezinxulumene nezinto zasemanzini ezinje ngamafu namaza, ezifanekisela ubukhosi bakhe phezu kwezinto kunye nendalo. Ulwalathiso lwenamba (ukwenyuka okanye ukuhla) lunokuba nentsingiselo eyongezelelweyo malunga nomzabalazo okanye impumelelo.
Intyatyambo yeCherry (Sakura): Eyaziwa kwinkcubeko yaseJapan njenge-sakura, ezi ntyatyambo ezipinki ezithambileyo zezinye zeesimboli zelizwe. Bamele ubume bexeshana kunye ne-ephemeral yobomi, ubuhle obudlulayo kunye nokuhlaziywa. Ukudubula kwayo okukhulu kunye nokuncipha ngokukhawuleza kusikhumbuza ngokubaluleka kokuphila ngoku ngamandla kunye nokuxabisa umzuzu ngamnye.
Nangona ubuhle bayo budlulayo, ukubonakala kwayo entwasahlobo kufanekisela ubuninzi kunye nesiqalo esitsha. Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba i-cherry blossom tattoo izisa ibhalansi ebomini, kunye nethamsanqa kunye nokukhuselwa kwimimoya emibi. Kuyisikhumbuzo esiqhubekayo sobuhle bobomi kunye nokungapheli kwayo, ukumema ukucinga kunye nokubonga.
Iindidi zeTattoos zaseJapan: uluhlu lweentsingiselo
Ngaphandle kweendlela eziphambili zendabuko, i-tattoos yaseJapan inokugxila kwimiba ethile yokukhusela okanye inhlanhla, ibandakanya igalari ecebileyo yezinto ze-mythological kunye nezinto zendalo:
I tattoos zaseJapan zokukhusela
Ezi tattoos zibandakanya imiqondiso, ngokwembali, yayisetyenziselwa ukugxotha imimoya emibi, ukugxotha amashwa, kunye nokutsala amandla amahle. Bamiliselwe ngokunzulu kwintsomi yaseJapan kwaye banomtsalane omkhulu wobuhle, baba ngamakhubalo anamandla eluswini:
Izinja zeFoo (Komainu): Ezi zidalwa zasentsomini zizinja ezifana nengonyama ezibekwe ngokwesithethe ngambini kumasango eetempile, iindawo ezingcwele, nakumakhaya abalulekileyo. Bamele ukukhuselwa, ubulumko, amandla kunye nokuhlaziywa.
Bangabagcini abanamandla abasetyenziselwa ukugxotha imimoya engendawo kunye namashwa, kwaye bahambelana nokhuseleko kunye nokuphaphama. Isibini seKomainu rhoqo luphawu lokubini kunye nokulungelelana, enye inomlomo ovulekileyo (ukuthintela ububi) kunye nomlomo ovaliweyo (ukugcina amandla amahle).
Iinyoka (Hebi): Ihlonishwa kakhulu eJapan, iinyoka zinamandla okuvuselela kunye nokukhusela kumandla angalunganga. Ngenxa yokukwazi ukukhupha ulusu lwabo, banxulunyaniswa kakhulu nokuzalwa ngokutsha, ukuguqulwa, kunye nokuphilisa.
Kwakhona Zinokufuzisela ubulumko, ithamsanqa, nokukhuselwa ekuguleni okanye kwilishwa. Uyilo lwayo luhlala luhle kwaye luguquguqukayo, lugquma ezinye izinto okanye luyinxalenye yokwakheka okukhulu.
Izingwe (Tora): Zinxulunyaniswa namandla angenakuthelekiswa nanto, isibindi esingenakoyiswa, kunye nokhuseleko kwimimoya emdaka, kwizigulo nakwiingozi.
Amahlosi athathwa njengemiqondiso yokuphila ixesha elide, ukomelela kunye nokulawula izinto, ngakumbi umoya.
Ingwe egqumayo okanye ehlaselayo inokufuzisela ukukwazi ukoyisa imiqobo emikhulu okanye ukukhusela abantu esibathandayo.
IiMaski zikaHannya: Ezi maski zivela kwimidlalo yaseJapan yaseNoh kunye Zazisetyenziselwa ukubonakalisa abalinganiswa ababhinqileyo abangengobantu, njengeedemon okanye imimoya ethuthunjiswa ngumsindo, umona nokubandezeleka.
Nangona ngamanye amaxesha babonwa njengeempawu zobubi, kumxholo we tattoos, banokufanekisela ukukwazi ukujongana nokoyisa iidemon zangaphakathi kunye neemvakalelo ezimbi. Zikwasebenza njengekhubalo elinamandla ngokuchasene namandla angaphandle angalunganga, ekubeni inkohlakalo yabo igxotha ububi nobungozi. Zihlala zidibaniswa namakrele okanye izinto zeentyatyambo.
I tattoos zaseJapan ngethamsanqa
Into nganye ye tattoos yaseJapan inentsingiselo ekhethekileyo kwaye ixelela ibali elicebileyo. Le miqondiso iphefumlelwe yintsomi yaseJapan, iinkolelo zonqulo, kunye nentsomi, kwaye nganye inxulumene nokuchuma, amandla, ukunyamezela, kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, inhlanhla.
Intlanzi yeKoi: Njengoko sele sibonile, Intlanzi ye-koi luphawu oludumileyo nolunamandla. Eyaziwa ngokuqubha ngokuchasene nomsinga, ifuzisela ukuzingisa, ukoyisa yonke imiqobo, ubunzima, kunye nokufikelela usukelo.
Sisikhumbuzo esithe rhoqo ukuba, ngomgudu nokuzimisela, iinjongo ezinkulu zinokufezekiswa. Umbala wekoi (omnyama, omhlophe, obomvu, igolide) unokongeza iileya ezongezelelweyo zentsingiselo.
EPhoenix (Ho-o): Le ntaka inkulu yasentsomini, iJapan ilingana nePhoenix, ingumfuziselo wokuhlaziya, ukuguquka, nokuzalwa ngokutsha.
I-Ho-o iphuma eluthuthwini lwayo, ebonisa ukukwazi ukoyisa imiceli mngeni emikhulu kwaye iguqukele kwisiqalo esitsha, nasemva kokutshatyalaliswa. Luphawu lokungafi, ukomelela, ithemba, kunye nokukwazi ukoyisa ubunzima.
Intlanzi yegolide (Kingyo): Ngokuqhelekileyo kudibaniswa nokuchuma, ubuninzi kunye nenhlanhla, ngakumbi kwintsimi yezemali.
Igama layo ngesiJapan linokutolikwa ngokuthi "igolide" kunye "nentlanzi," ukuqinisa isimboli sayo sobutyebi kunye nethamsanqa. Zithambile kwaye zibukeka, kwaye ukuhamba kwazo emanzini kunxulunyaniswa nokuguquguquka kobutyebi.
IiPeonies (iBotan): Ezi ntyatyambo zintle nezichumileyo zifuzisela ubutyebi, ubuhandiba, ubugorha, imbeko, kunye namathamsanqa. Kwinkcubeko yaseJapan, ziyaziwa ngokuba yi "Queen of Flowers" kunye Zifanekisela ubuhle, ukuchuma kunye nobuhle.
Zihlala zisetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa nezinye izilwanyana ukuthambisa uburhalarhume bazo okanye ukukhulisa intsingiselo yobuninzi.
Amalulwane (Koumori): Ngokungafaniyo nesimboli saseNtshona apho ngamanye amaxesha kudityaniswa nobumnyama, kwinkcubeko yaseJapan, Amalulwane afanekisela ithamsanqa, ubutyebi kunye nolonwabo.
Ukubizwa kwabo kufana negama elithi "fuku" (ulonwabo), nto leyo ebenza babe nomtsalane kakhulu.
UManeki Neko (Ikati enethamsanqa): Sisilwanyana esithandwa kakhulu eJapan, esaziwa ngokuba ngumfanekiso wekati ehleli kunye nomlenze omnye ophakanyisiweyo, umema amathamsanqa kunye nemali okanye abathengi.
I tattoo kaManeki Neko Yitalisman ngqo kwithamsanqa, impumelelo kunye nempumelelo kwishishini.
Omamori: Ngamakhubalo esithethe aseJapan okanye amakhubalo, adla ngokudla ngokuba ziingxowa zelaphu ezincinci ezinemithandazo okanye izinto ezingcwele. Zinxulunyaniswa nethamsanqa kwaye zinika ukhuseleko kunye nethamsanqa kwabo bazinxibileyo.
Ukufumana tattoo ye-Omamori kuthetha ukuthwala i-amulet yobuqu kunye nesigxina eya kuhlala ihamba nawe.
IDaruma: Ziyimizobo engqukuva, engenanto efuzisela ukuzingisa, ithamsanqa, kunye nokufikelela usukelo. Zithengiswa ngaphandle kwamehlo, kwaye enye ipeyinti xa injongo ibekwe, kwaye enye xa iphunyeziwe, imele ukuqina nokuzibophelela.
Ukuqwalaselwa xa ukhetha tattoo yakho yaseJapan
Ukugqiba ukufumana tattoo yaseJapan kuhamba ngaphaya kwe-aesthetics. Ibandakanya ukuzinikela kubugcisa kunye nenkcubeko yamandulo. Nantsi eminye imiba ephambili:
- Uphando lungundoqo: Thatha ixesha lokuphanda kungekuphela nje ngoyilo, kodwa kunye neentsingiselo zabo kunye namabali emva kwabo. Ukuqonda isimboli kuya kukunceda ukhethe uyilo oluhambelana nzulu nawe.
- Ubungakanani kunye nendawo: Iitatto ezininzi zaseJapan ziziqwenga ezinkulu ezidlula ingalo (umkhono), umqolo wonke, isifuba, okanye umlenze. Ezi ziqwenga ziyilelwe ukuba zihambe kunye ne-anatomy yomzimba kwaye zihlala zithatha iiseshini ezininzi ukugqiba. Qwalasela ubungakanani kunye nokubonakala okufunayo.
- Ukhetho lomculi: Mhlawumbi le yeyona ngongoma ibalulekileyo. Umzobi wokwenene waseJapan we tattoo, okanye uHorishi, uyinkosi yobugcisa babo. Khangela igcisa elinamava abanzi e-Irezumi, elinepotifoliyo ebonisa ukuqonda okunzulu kwe-iconography yaseJapan, shading, kunye nobuchule. Entle I-Horishi ayiyi tattoo kuphela, kodwa iya kukukhokela ekukhetheni uyilo kwaye uchaze intsingiselo yayo. Ungalibazisi ukubuza imibuzo kwaye ujonge umsebenzi odlulileyo. Udumo nomgangatho zezona zibalulekileyo.
- Inkqubo kunye neentlungu: I-Irezumi tattoos, ngakumbi iziqwenga ezinkulu, zibandakanya iiyure ezininzi zomsebenzi. Zilungiselele iiseshoni ezininzi kunye namava anokuba buhlungu, kodwa abaninzi bajonga inxalenye yesithethe kunye nentsingiselo ye tattoo.
- Ukhathalelo lwasemva: Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yokhathalelo lomzobi we tattoo ngononophelo. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuphiliswa ngokufanelekileyo, gcina imibala edlamkileyo, kwaye ukhusele uyilo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Iitatto zaseJapan, okanye i-Irezumi, kudala ziyinxalenye yenkcubeko nenkcubeko yelizwe. Baye bathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu kwihlabathi jikelele njengendlela yokubonisa ubuntu kuphela, kodwa kunye noku thwala kunye neempawu ezibalulekileyo zokukhusela, inhlanhla, amandla, ubulumko kunye nokomelela.
Ubutyebi bembali yayo, ubunzulu bomqondiso wayo, kunye nobuhle bobugcisa bayo benza i-tattoo nganye ibe ngumsebenzi wobugcisa kunye ne-amulet enamandla ehamba kunye nomntu oyinxibileyo kubo bonke ubomi babo. Ukukhetha tattoo ye-Irezumi kukhetha inxalenye yembali, ubugcisa, kunye nentsingiselo enzulu eya kuhamba nawe kuhambo lwakho.